Zelenskyy Plans Ukrainian Elections in Wartime with Security Assurances

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy announced on December 9 his readiness to hold national elections within 60 to 90 days, contingent upon security assurances from the United States and European partners. Addressing journalists, Zelenskyy emphasized the necessity of external support to ensure a secure voting environment amid the ongoing conflict with Russia. He also called upon Ukraine's parliament to draft legislation that would permit elections under the current martial law conditions.

This development follows U.S. President Donald Trump's recent criticism, accusing Ukraine of using the war as a pretext to delay elections. Zelenskyy dismissed these claims as unfounded, reaffirming his commitment to democratic processes. The primary challenges to conducting elections include frequent Russian attacks, the displacement of millions, and the complexities of ensuring voting rights for citizens in occupied territories.

Ukraine's constitution prohibits holding national elections during periods of martial law. Since the Russian invasion in February 2022, Ukraine has been under martial law, leading to the postponement of both presidential and parliamentary elections. The Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's parliament, has extended martial law multiple times, most recently until August 2025, to facilitate military mobilization and address security concerns.

The ongoing conflict presents significant obstacles to organizing elections. Approximately 20% of Ukraine's territory is under Russian occupation, and millions of citizens are either internally displaced or have fled the country. Ensuring the safety of voters and election officials is a paramount concern, given the persistent threat of Russian attacks. Additionally, logistical challenges such as updating voter registries and establishing polling stations in conflict zones further complicate the electoral process.

U.S. President Donald Trump has been vocal in urging Ukraine to conduct elections, suggesting that the ongoing war is being used as a pretext to avoid them. Trump's comments have intensified debates about Ukraine's democratic processes during wartime. In response, Zelenskyy has reiterated his commitment to democracy, stating, "I am ready for the elections," while emphasizing the need for security guarantees from international partners.

European leaders have shown support for Ukraine's position. During a meeting in Rome, Italian Premier Giorgia Meloni and other European officials discussed the importance of robust security guarantees to deter future aggression and facilitate democratic processes in Ukraine.

To hold elections under martial law, Ukraine would need to amend existing legislation. Zelenskyy has called upon the Verkhovna Rada to draft proposals that would allow elections during the current state of emergency. This legislative effort aims to balance the constitutional prohibition of elections during martial law with the democratic imperative of holding regular elections.

Public opinion in Ukraine is divided on the issue of holding elections during the ongoing conflict. Surveys indicate that a majority of Ukrainians oppose conducting elections under current wartime conditions, citing security risks and logistical challenges. However, there is also a desire for political change and a reaffirmation of democratic principles.

The decision to hold elections amid war carries significant societal implications. It reflects Ukraine's resilience and commitment to democratic governance despite external aggression. However, it also raises concerns about the feasibility of conducting free and fair elections under such circumstances and the potential for increased vulnerability to external interference.

As Ukraine navigates these complex challenges, the international community's role in providing security assurances and supporting legal reforms will be crucial in determining the feasibility and timing of the proposed elections.